Login

RANKING FACTORS AFFECTING PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODE CHOICE OF COMMUTERS IN AN URBAN CITY USING THE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS: THE CASE OF SURABAYA, INDONESIA

Vol. 4 No. 04 (2025): JURNAL MULTIDISIPLINER KAPALAMADA:

Corina Irish Yuswandhika (1), Ainun Nafisah (2)

(1) Surabaya European School, Indonesia
(2) Surabaya European School, Indonesia
Fulltext View | Download

Abstract:

This study aims to identify and rank the factors influencing commuters’ public transport choices and to evaluate their preferences for different modes of transport. A quantitative survey was conducted with 63 provided consistent responses based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Four decision criteria were assessed: cost, safety, time efficiency, and comfort. Alongside five public transport alternatives: city bus, intercity bus, feeder bus, commuter train, and public minivan. Results revealed that time efficiency is the most influential factor shaping commuters’ choices, followed by safety, cost, and comfort. In terms of mode preference, the commuter train ranked highest, reflecting its reliability and punctuality, while public minivan ranked lowest, primarily due to declining service quality and competition from ride-hailing services. These findings highlight the need to prioritize service reliability of time efficiency, safety, and affordability to increase public transport usage in Surabaya.

References

Anggriawan, F. S. (2019). PENGEMBANGAN LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS) SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK SEKOLAH MENENGAH SEDERAJAT. Jurnal Tata Rias, 9(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.21009/9.2.1.2009

Ayu, D. P., & Amelia, R. (2020). PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS E-LEARNING DI ERA DIGITAL. Prosiding Samasta. https://jurnal.umj.ac.id/index.php/SAMASTA/article/view/7145

Chusna, N. L. (2019). PEMBELAJARAN E-LEARNING. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan KALUNI, 2(1), 113–117. https://doi.org/10.30998/prokaluni.v2i0.36

Cruz, M. (2024, September 19). KEY FACTORS INFLUENCING PUBLIC TRANSPORT RIDERSHIP. Asistobe. https://asistobe.com/key-factors-influencing-public-transport-ridership/

Daniels, R., & Mulley, C. (2013). EXPLAINING WALKING DISTANCE TO PUBLIC TRANSPORT: THE DOMINANCE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SUPPLY. Journal of Transport and Land Use, 6(2), 5–20. http://www.jstor.org/stable/26202654

Eboli, L., & Mazzulla, G. (2012). PERFORMANCE INDICATORS FOR AN OBJECTIVE MEASURE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICE QUALITY. European Transport / Trasporti Europei, 51, 1–4.

Fauziyah, S., Ekosusilo, M., & Putra, H. K. (2022). PENGGUNAAN LMS (LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) BERBASIS MOODLE DITINJAU DARI MINAT BELAJAR MAHASISWA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19. Lembaran Ilmu Kependidikan, 51(2), 88–101.

Haryadi, R., & Al Kansaa, H. N. (2021). PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN E-LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA. At-Ta’lim: Jurnal Pendidikan, 7(1), 68–73. https://doi.org/10.36835/attalim.v7i1.426

Hasanah, N., & Kurniawati, I. D. (2021). RANCANG BANGUN E-LEARNING SDN TIRON 2 KABUPATEN MADIUN. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi (SENATIK), 4(1), 663–673. https://prosiding.unipma.ac.id/index.php/SENATIK/article/view/1982

Invi Indonesia. (2024, November 11). THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN INDONESIA. https://www.invi-indonesia.co.id/blog/the-development-of-public-transportation-in-indonesia/

Kumar, C., & Ganguly, A. (2018). TRAVELLING TOGETHER BUT DIFFERENTLY: COMPARING VARIATIONS IN PUBLIC TRANSIT USER MODE CHOICE ATTRIBUTES ACROSS NEW DELHI AND NEW YORK. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 13(3), 54–73. http://www.jstor.org/stable/26472536

Lako, A., & Gjevori, S. (2023). URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT AS A BASIS FOR SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE TRANSITION FROM PRIVATE VEHICLES TO URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT: A CASE STUDY OF ELBASAN. IIETA, 18(11), 3609–3615.

Liu, C.-P. (2017). UNDERSTANDING THE FACTORS INFLUENCING PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODE CHOICE IN TAIWAN (Master’s thesis). University College London.

Mason, S. A. (2013). QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES. Springer Science + Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3

Mason, S. A., Early, M., Wink, L., Erickson, C., & McDougle, C. J. (2012). QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES. In Springer eBooks (pp. 2485–2486). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_167

Mayo, F. L., & Taboada, E. B. (2020). RANKING FACTORS AFFECTING PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODE CHOICE OF COMMUTERS IN AN URBAN CITY OF A DEVELOPING COUNTRY USING ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS: THE CASE OF METRO CEBU, PHILIPPINES. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 4, 100078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2019.100078

Nathenia, R. J., & Ginting, P. (2024). URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION STUDY SERIES: SURABAYA. Misereor & Arkom Jatim.

Naista, E., & Syaputra, M. A. (2023). RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI E-LEARNING SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DI LKP NAISTUDIO ACADEMY. Jurnal Teknologi Informatika Dan Komputer, 9(1), 340–351. https://doi.org/10.37012/jtik.v9i1.1282

Naurah, N. (2025, August 31). SURVEI GOODSTATS: KERETA API JADI TRANSPORTASI MASSAL PALING BANYAK DIGEMARI UNTUK LIBURAN. GoodStats. https://goodstats.id/article/survei-goodstats-kai-jadi-transportasi-massal-paling-banyak-digemari-untuk-perjalanan-liburan-2022-vx1lK

Nugraha, R. M. (2022, January 12). SURABAYA BEATS JAKARTA IN INRIX 2021 GLOBAL TRAFFIC SCORECARD. Tempo English. https://en.tempo.co/read/1549276/surabaya-beats-jakarta-in-inrix-2021-global-traffic-scorecard

Pinasthika, R. (2025, June 14). SAATNYA NAIK BUS JADI PILIHAN UTAMA, BUKAN PILIHAN TERAKHIR. Kumparan. https://kumparan.com/raditya-pinasthika/saatnya-naik-bus-jadi-pilihan-utama-bukan-pilihan-terakhir-25Fj6aUDF3h

Pratama, R. R. M. M., Indartuti, E., & Rahmadanik, D. (2024). EVALUASI DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN TRANSPORTASI SUROBOYO BUS DALAM MENANGGULANGI KEMACETAN DI SURABAYA. Presidensial: Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Negara, Dan Kebijakan Publik, 4(1), 292–305.

Preston, J. (2009). TRANSPORT, PUBLIC. In Elsevier eBooks (pp. 452–459). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008044910-4.01027-0

Putera, A. D. (2019, March 19). DISHUB SEBUT ANGKOT DI DEPOK MULAI KURANG DIMINATI, INI SEBABNYA. KOMPAS.com. https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2019/03/19/10312481/dishub-sebut-angkot-di-depok-mulai-kurang-diminati-ini-sebabnya

Saaty, R. W. (1987). THE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS—WHAT IT IS AND HOW IT IS USED. Mathematical Modelling, 9, 3–5.

Sidik, A. (2019). TEORI, STRATEGI, DAN EVALUASI MERANCANG WEBSITE DALAM PERSPEKTIF DESAIN. Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari.

Sovacool, B. K., Axsen, J., & Sorrell, S. (2018). PROMOTING NOVELTY, RIGOR, AND STYLE IN ENERGY SOCIAL SCIENCE: TOWARDS CODES OF PRACTICE FOR APPROPRIATE METHODS AND RESEARCH DESIGN. Energy Research & Social Science, 45, 12–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2018.07.007

TomTom. (n.d.). TOMTOM TRAFFIC INDEX RANKING 2024. https://www.tomtom.com/traffic-index/ranking/

Tridjono, T. (2011). GRAND SCENARIO OF SURABAYA METROPOLITAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT. Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 8, 1–11.