Arlan Ahmad (1), Udin Hamim (2), Lisda Van Gobel (3)
The delay in the enactment of the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) of Gorontalo Regency has the potential to hinder legal certainty in spatial utilization and impede sustainable regional development. This study aims to analyze the policy formulation process & identify the factors contributing to its delayed enactm ent. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and docum ent analysis involving nine informants selected using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huber man. The findings indicate that the RTRW formulation process has followed the stages of document preparation, problem identification, public consultati on, & decision-making. However, implement ation remains subopt imal due to weak inter-agency coordination, complex institutional authority, limited human resource capacity, and political dynam ics. Strengthening coordination, harmonizing regulations, enhanc ing institutional capacity, & expanding inclusive publicion are ess ential for achieving & sustainable spatial planning governance.
Alexander, E. R. (2022). ON PLANNING, PLANNING THEORIES, AND PRACTICES: A CRITICAL REFLECTION. Planning Theory, 21(2), 181–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/14730952211066341
Amila Nkk Gamage. (2025). A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF QUALITATIVE AND MIXED METHODS RESEARCH: STRENGTHS, LIMITATIONS, AND PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 25(3), 2040–2046. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.25.3.0947
Amir, L. (2015). PEMBUKTIAN DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA TATA USAHA NEGARA DAN PERKARA PIDANA. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Jambi, 6(1), 43309.
Anderson, M. L. (2015). MINING THE BRAIN FOR A NEW TAXONOMY OF THE MIND. Philosophy Compass, 10(1), 68–77.
Arnstein, S. (2015). A LADDER OF CITIZEN PARTICIPATION. In The City Reader (pp. 323–336). Routledge.
Babuta, G. F. (2025). INTEGRASI MITIGASI LIKUIFAKSI DALAM RENCANA TATA RUANG PROVINSI GORONTALO: EVALUASI PERATURAN DAERAH NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2024 TENTANG RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH TAHUN 2024–2043. Arus Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora, 5(2), 2096–2103.
Bächtiger, A., Dryzek, J. S., Mansbridge, J., & Warren, M. (2018). DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRACY. In The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy (pp. 1–32). Oxford University Press.
Cao, X., Qiu, J., Wang, L., & Zhou, G. (2022). AN INTEGRATIVE MODEL OF TOURISTS’ PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR BASED ON THE DUAL PATH OF RATIONAL PLANNING AND EMBODIED EMOTION. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(13), 7910. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137910
Creswell, J. W., & Guetterman, T. C. (2025). EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH: PLANNING, CONDUCTING, AND EVALUATING QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH (7th ed.). Pearson Education.
Djaba, M., Hasan, K., & Mokodongan, R. (2025). PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN LINGKUNGAN DALAM PENYEDIAAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU (RTH) BERBASIS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT DI KOTA GORONTALO. Jurnal Manajemen Keuangan Sektor Publik (J-MKSP), 1(1), 44–57. https://doi.org/10.37606/j-mksp.v1i1.305
Dong, J., Jiang, H., Gu, T., Liu, Y., & Peng, J. (2022). SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPE PATTERN: A LANDSCAPE APPROACH TO SERVING SPATIAL PLANNING. Landscape Ecology, 37(1), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-021-01329-0
Dunn, W. N. (2015). PUBLIC POLICY ANALYSIS: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH (0 ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315663012
Eldo, D. H. A. P., & Maulana, A. Z. (2025). ANALISIS RENCANA TATA RUANG DAN WILAYAH (RTRW) DALAM PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN RUANG.
Faludi, A. (2013). A DECISION-CENTRED VIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING (Vol. 38). Elsevier.
Fathia, L. (2020). IMPLEMENTASI QANUN NOMOR 04 TAHUN 201 TENTANG RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH (RTRW) DALAM RANGKA PENATAAN KOTA SIMPANG TIGA DI KABUPATEN BENER MERIAH.
Fazri, M. (2024). KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG DALAM PENYEDIAAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU BERDASARKAN RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH.
Friedman, M. (2023). CAPITALISMO E LIBERDADE. Editora Intrinseca.
Haq, M., & Yasin, N. (2025). QUALITATIVE, QUANTITATIVE, AND MIXED METHODOLOGY PARADIGMS. Journal of Practical Studies in Education, 6(6), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.46809/jpse.v6i6.144
Healey, P. (2024). PLANNING AND CARING: A REFLECTION. Planning Theory, 23(3), 266–277. https://doi.org/10.1177/14730952231226411
Himam, T. M. (2025). IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT DALAM PROYEK GORR PROVINSI GORONTALO DILIHAT DARI PERSFEKTIF HUKUM LINGKUNGAN. Arus Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora, 5(1), 818–827.
Katili, A. Y., Arifin, R., & Mokodongan, R. (2025). GOVERNANCE CAPACITY DAN KERENTANAN LINGKUNGAN PERKOTAAN: ANALISIS PERAN BIROKRASI DALAM PENGELOLAAN BANJIR DAN PERMUKIMAN KUMUH DI KELURAHAN BUGIS. Jurnal Administrasi, Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia dan Ilmu Sosial (JAEIS), 4(3), 110–123.
Lakoma, K. (2020). PUBLIC GOVERNANCE PARADIGMS: COMPETING AND CO-EXISTING PUBLIC GOVERNANCE PARADIGMS: COMPETING AND CO-EXISTING. Local Government Studies, 46(6), 1039–1041. https://doi.org/10.1080/03003930.2020.1847904
Lo Piccolo, F. (2022). PATSY HEALEY AND COLLABORATIVE PLANNING (2005): RE-THINKING DEMOCRACY IN THE ‘REASONING IN PUBLIC’ ARENA. In C. Perrone (Ed.), Critical Planning and Design: Roots, Pathways, and Frames (pp. 117–130). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93107-0_10
Lowe, M., Adlakha, D., Sallis, J. F., Salvo, D., Cerin, E., Moudon, A. V., Higgs, C., Hinckson, E., Arundel, J., Boeing, G., Liu, S., Mansour, P., Gebel, K., Puig-Ribera, A., Mishra, P. B., Bozovic, T., Carson, J., Dygrýn, J., Florindo, A. A., ... Giles-Corti, B. (2022). CITY PLANNING POLICIES TO SUPPORT HEALTH AND SUSTAINABILITY: AN INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF POLICY INDICATORS FOR 25 CITIES. The Lancet Global Health, 10(6), e882–e894. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00069-9
Marzaniar, P., & Subarsono, A. (2023). STAKEHOLDER SALIENCE ANALYSIS IN THE POLICY FORMULATION OF ANTI-VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND CHILDREN. Journal of Contemporary Governance and Public Policy, 4(2), 149–174. https://doi.org/10.46507/jcgpp.v4i2.158
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS: AN EXPANDED SOURCEBOOK. Sage.
Muhammad, R. (2025). FORMULASI KEBIJAKAN PENATAAN RUANG PESISIR DAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG.
Ng, M. K. (2025). COLLABORATIVE PLANNING IN AN UNDEMOCRATIC SETTING: WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM A SHORT-LIVED EXPERIMENT IN HONG KONG? Planning Theory & Practice, 26(2), 223–232. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2025.2463240
Nggilu, R., & Mokodongan, R. (2026). MODEL MANAJEMEN SDM PUBLIK BERBASIS KOMPETENSI DIGITAL DAN ETIKA PELAYANAN PUBLIK (STUDI KONSEPTUAL PADA DINAS KEPEGAWAIAN KOTA GORONTALO). Jurnal Agregasi: Aksi Reformasi Government dalam Demokrasi, 14(1), 111–127. https://doi.org/10.34010/agregasi.v14i1.19144
Parjaman, T., & Akhmad, D. (2019). PENDEKATAN PENELITIAN KOMBINASI: SEBAGAI “JALAN TENGAH” ATAS DIKOTOMI KUANTITATIF-KUALITATIF. Moderat: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pemerintahan, 5(4), 530–548. https://doi.org/10.25157/moderat.v5i4.3077
Pratama, Y. (2025). ANALISIS KESESUAIAN PENGGUNAAN TANAH TERHADAP RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH DI DAERAH RAWAN BANJIR (STUDI DI KECAMATAN TEMBILAHAN, KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR, PROVINSI RIAU).
Rahmadani, F., Ilato, R., & Isa, R. (2025). EVALUASI IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH DALAM PEMANFAATAN PASAR SENTRAL DI KOTA GORONTALO. Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 2(8), 12–16.
Rhamadini, S. (2025). PARTISIPASI PUBLIK DALAM RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN GOOD GOVERNANCE DI KABUPATEN BATANG.
Saleh, C., & Hanafi, I. (2015). IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH (RTRW) DALAM PERSPEKTIF PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik (JISIP), 4(2).
Schwarz, G., Christensen, T., & Zhu, X. (2022). BOUNDED RATIONALITY, SATISFICING, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, AND DECISION-MAKING IN PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS: THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF HERBERT SIMON. Public Administration Review.
Sorensen, A. (2025). PATSY HEALEY, NEW INSTITUTIONALISM, AND HER RECONCEPTUALIZATION OF PLANNING THEORY AND PRACTICE. Planning Theory & Practice, 26(2), 241–249. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2025.2463245
Stead, D. (2021). CONCEPTUALIZING THE POLICY TOOLS OF SPATIAL PLANNING. Journal of Planning Literature, 36(3), 297–311. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885412221992283
Subarsono, A., Rahmawati, I. Z., Laksana, L. U. A., Prabawati, V. D. N., Wessiani, N. A., & Sulistiono, B. (2025). POVERTY ALLEVIATION FOR COASTAL COMMUNITIES THROUGH TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF KULON PROGO REGENCY. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2025.2465323
Sugiyono, D. (2013). METODE PENELITIAN PENDIDIKAN PENDEKATAN KUANTITATIF, KUALITATIF DAN R&D.
Sumarni, S., Junus, N., & Mandjo, J. T. (2023). IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH PROVINSI GORONTALO TENTANG RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH STRATEGIS PROVINSI DANAU LIMBOTO. Journal of Comprehensive Science (JCS), 2(1), 90–98. https://doi.org/10.59188/jcs.v2i1.187
Sunyoto, D. (2015). TEORI PERILAKU KEORGANISASIAN.
Verhasselt, L. (2025). TOWARDS MULTILINGUAL DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRACY: NAVIGATING CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES. Representation, 61(1), 57–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2024.2317781
Watson, S., & Romic, J. (2025). CHATGPT AND THE ENTANGLED EVOLUTION OF SOCIETY, EDUCATION, AND TECHNOLOGY: A SYSTEMS THEORY PERSPECTIVE. European Educational Research Journal, 24(2), 205–224. https://doi.org/10.1177/14749041231221266